Many individuals worldwide are curious, "What is the covering called that Muslim women wear?" The answer is both simple and deeply meaningful. The most recognized name for the covering is Hijab, a headscarf worn by Muslim women to maintain modesty as guided in Islam.
But there’s more to the concept than just fabric. Hijab represents dignity, spirituality, cultural identity, empowerment, and personal devotion to faith.
In this multi-part article, we will explore in simple language every major aspect of this Muslim garment, including:
- Meaning of Hijab
- Why do women choose it
- Types of Islamic coverings
- Cultural variations across the world
- Link between hijab and modesty
- Common misconceptions clarified
- Modern styling, fabrics, and global trends
- Qur’anic references
- Step-by-step instructions on how to wear it
- FAQs with clear answers
Understanding the Basic Concept of Hijab
When people ask What is the covering called that Muslim women wear, the first word that appears is Hijab. However, the Hijab is not just a piece of cloth; it is a complete system of modesty. It includes how a person speaks, behaves, carries themselves, and presents their faith publicly. Yes, the most visible symbol is the headscarf, but in Islam, modesty begins internally and reflects outwardly.
A hijab generally refers to a cloth worn over the hair, head, neck, and chest, leaving the face visible. But depending on region and personal choice, the style of covering changes. Some women wear a Niqab (which covers the face except the eyes). Some wear a Burqa (full body covering with a mesh screen for the eyes). Others wear Khimar, Shayla, Chador, or Abaya, each serving the same purpose: modesty and devotion to God.
Why Modesty Matters
Islam teaches modesty for both men and women, encouraging dignity and humility. For women, modest clothing and a head covering protect inner beauty and prevent unnecessary attention. Many Muslim women describe hijab as:
- A shield from unwanted gazes
- A reminder of spiritual purpose
- A symbol of identity and self-respect
- A representation of values
- A journey of empowerment
Some choose hijab early in life, while others begin later, often after learning the deeper meaning. What’s important is that it is a personal and conscious choice. No single style defines all Muslim women, and no woman should be judged solely by whether she wears it or not.
More Than Clothing - A Way of Life
Hijab encourages:
| Quality | How It Reflects |
|---|---|
| Modesty | Dressing respectfully and speaking kindly |
| Self-discipline | Choosing faith over trends |
| Confidence | Feeling valued for character, not appearance |
| Identity | Proud connection to religion and culture |
In many ways, hijab is like a spiritual uniform, reminding the wearer to act with kindness, patience, and dignity.
A Common Question, A Beautiful Answer
When someone asks What is the covering called that Muslim women wear, the simple answer is Hijab, but the true explanation goes far beyond terminology. The hijab symbolizes belief, character, and purpose. It’s an act of worship, a reflection of humility, and for millions of women, a source of peace.
Women wear it in schools, offices, universities, markets, airports, sports fields, and even on global stages as athletes, scientists, doctors, leaders, and artists. Whether black or colorful, plain or printed, traditional or modern, the hijab tells the world that modesty and progress can coexist.
What is Hijab in Islam? Deep Meaning Behind the Covering
When discussing what the covering is called that Muslim women wear, the term Hijab stands at the center of the answer. Yet the hijab is far more than a headscarf. In Islam, hijab is both a physical covering and a spiritual principle. It encourages Muslims to maintain modesty in dress, speech, behavior, and attitude. For women, wearing hijab often includes covering the hair and dressing modestly in loose, non-transparent clothing, but its purpose radiates deeper into the heart.
Historical Roots of Hijab
The concept of modesty existed long before modern times. Even in ancient Christian, Jewish, and Eastern cultures, women covered their hair as a symbol of dignity and purity. Islam continued this tradition but shaped it with divine guidance. The Qur’an mentions guidelines of modesty in Surah Al-Ahzab and Surah An-Nur, encouraging believing women to draw their veils over themselves in public spaces.
This means hijab didn’t appear suddenly; it evolved through history, faith, and moral values carried across civilizations. For Muslim women today, wearing hijab is a link to generations before them, a tradition that lives with honor.
Hijab in Everyday Muslim Life
For many women, hijab isn’t worn only in mosques or special occasions; it’s part of daily life. A girl may tie her hijab before leaving for school; a doctor wraps her scarf while entering the hospital; a pilot adjusts her scarf before takeoff; an athlete tucks her hijab securely before her match. The sight of a hijab blends seamlessly into workplaces, classrooms, leadership roles, and public events.
Hijab becomes:
| Aspect | Meaning in Real Life |
|---|---|
| Spiritual shield | Reminds a woman of God’s presence daily |
| Identity | Shows faith proudly without words |
| Strength | Teaches discipline, control, and resilience |
| Empowerment | Allows self-definition beyond appearance |
With each day, the hijab becomes a quiet lifestyle, not forced but chosen. Not restriction, but liberation. Not invisibility, but visibility with dignity.
Hijab as a Form of Empowerment
Many assume hijab limits women, but thousands proudly say the opposite. Hijab redirects attention from outward beauty to inner worth, skills, intelligence, talent, and personality. It gives control over how one presents oneself to the world.
Women often share that hijab:
- Reduces pressure to look perfect
- Safeguards their individual beauty for their families and themselves.
- Helps them feel confident and valued for their character
- Allows them to define their own identity in society
In a world where appearance is often judged first, hijab creates a voice before a face. It communicates strength, boundaries, self-respect, and intention.
Linguistic Roots of the Word “Hijab” (H3)
The word Hijab comes from the Arabic حجاب, which is the verbal noun originating from the verb ﺣَﺠَﺐَ (hajaba), from the triliteral root ح ج ب (H-J-B) meaning to cover, to shield, or to separate.
In Islamic scripture, hijab sometimes refers to a curtain or partition, metaphorically symbolizing privacy and respect. Over time, it evolved to represent the scarf women wear, reinforcing how language and culture shape meaning together.
The Purpose Behind Hijab
The intention behind hijab is not to hide women, but to honor and elevate them. Islam encourages believers to dress and behave in a way that reflects humility. Hijab becomes a reminder every time it is worn, a reminder to speak kindly, act with compassion, avoid arrogance, and protect personal dignity.
Hijab teaches a woman to value who she is rather than how she looks. And when she chooses hijab by faith, not force, it becomes a badge of courage and devotion.
Different Types of Islamic Coverings Worn by Muslim Women
Until now, we’ve explored what the covering is called that Muslim women wear, and we clearly understand that the Hijab is the most widely recognized name. But a Hijab is only one type of Islamic covering. Across continents, Muslim women wear several styles, some cultural, some traditional, some religiously emphasized, and others chosen for comfort or identity.
These coverings differ in appearance, purpose, and design, but all share a common foundation of modesty and devotion to Allah.
Below is a detailed breakdown of the eight most commonly known types.
1. Hijab - The Most Widely Known Covering
The Hijab refers to a headscarf covering the hair and neck, typically revealing the face. It is widely worn in South Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Europe, and Western countries. Hijab can be wrapped in dozens of styles: Turkish, Indonesian, layered, turban, draped, pinned, Loose-flowing.
Women choose it because:
- It is lightweight and easy to style
- It suits daily wear, school, office, and outings
- It symbolizes identity & modesty beautifully
- It blends with traditional and modern clothing
Today, hijab is not just a religious garment; it is a global fashion movement.
2. Niqab — Face Veil with Visible Eyes
A Niqab covers the head, neck, and face, leaving only the eyes visible. It is more common in Gulf countries like Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Yemen, and Qatar, though women in Western nations also wear it confidently.
Why women choose the Niqab:
- To follow stricter interpretations of modesty
- To protect privacy in public spaces
- To strengthen spiritual discipline
- To feel more secure and focused inwardly
It is often paired with an Abaya or Jilbab for complete modesty.
3. Burqa — Full Body and Face Covering
The Burqa covers the entire body from head to toe, including the face, with a net or mesh screen for the eyes. Commonly seen in Afghanistan and parts of Pakistan, the burqa holds deep cultural and historical significance.
Burqa represents:
| Symbolism | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Honor | Long tradition of modesty |
| Privacy | Maximum coverage in public |
| Protection | Spiritual, social, personal |
While not every Muslim woman wears a burqa, those who do carry it with pride and intention.
4. Khimar - Cape-Style Veil
The Khimar drapes from the head down to the mid-back or waist, covering hair, neck, and shoulders. It flows like a cape and is often worn in prayer or outside the home.
Benefits of Khimar:
- Elegant and graceful appearance
- Comfortable for long hours
- Provides chest coverage naturally
- Often used for Qur’an recitation or worship
Many women love Khimar for its modest and serene look.
5. Abaya - Full-Length Outer Garment
The Abaya is a long, loose-fitting robe worn over regular clothes. It is popular in Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, and is also widely worn globally today.
Styles include:
- Open an abaya with a matching hijab
- Closed abaya with embroidery
- Umbrella-cut abaya for extra flow
- Jersey or silk abaya for events
- Plain black or colorful modern designs
An abaya doesn’t always include a headscarf, so women pair it with a Hijab, Niqab, or Shayla, depending on preference.
6. Shayla - Long Rectangular Scarf
A shayla is a long scarf wrapped around the head and pinned or draped over the shoulders. It is common in the Gulf region and often styled with an abaya.
Shayla is chosen by women who love:
- Versatile styling
- Flowy, feminine look
- Fashion with modesty
- Work-appropriate elegance
It offers a balance between tradition and modern presentation.
7. Chador - Traditional Iranian Veil
The Chador is an open cloak-style veil worn mostly in Iran. It covers the body completely except the face. Traditionally black, but now also available in prints and colors, it is usually held in place by hand or tucked under the scarf.
Chador reflects:
- Cultural heritage
- Religious devotion
- Modest identity
It is widely seen during religious gatherings, mosques, and formal events.
8. Jilbab - Modest Loose Overgarment
A Jilbab is similar to an abaya but more structured. It includes sleeves, frontal buttons or zips, and is often styled with Khimar or Niqab. Wearers appreciate its comfort, coverage, and practicality, ideal for public settings, schools, or Islamic events.
Summary Table — Quick Comparison of Coverings
| Covering Type | Face Visible? | Body Coverage | Region Commonly Seen |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hijab | Yes | Hair/Neck | Worldwide |
| Niqab | Partially (eyes visible) | Full | Middle East |
| Burqa | No | Full | Afghanistan/Pakistan |
| Khimar | Yes | Head – Shoulders – Chest | Middle East/Africa |
| Abaya | Yes (with hijab) | Full body garment | GCC Countries |
| Shayla | Yes | Hair Neck Chest | Gulf Region |
| Chador | Yes | Full with face visible | Iran |
| Jilbab | Yes | Loose outer garment | Global Muslim communities |
Women across the world choose different coverings based on culture, family, climate, comfort, and personal belief. No single style defines all Muslim women. The beauty of hijab is in its diversity, woven in color, language, identity, and heart.
Cultural Variations & Global Identity of the Hijab
Although people often ask What is the covering called that Muslim women wear? And the answer is Hijab, the way hijab is worn varies beautifully across the world. Each country has its own fabrics, styling, and cultural influences, shaping a global tapestry of modest fashion.
Below is a look at how hijab transforms across nations:
| Country/Region | Typical Style |
|---|---|
| India & Pakistan | Hijab with colorful Abaya or Shalwar Kameez |
| Indonesia & Malaysia | Soft chiffon Tudung & modern Khimar styles |
| Turkey | Structured silk hijabs with formal clothing |
| Gulf Countries | Black Abaya with Shayla/Niqab |
| Iran | Chador or long flowing scarf |
| Africa (Nigeria, Somalia) | Bold prints & vibrant wrap techniques |
| Western Countries | Casual turban hijab with coats & denim |
These variations prove one thing: faith remains the same, style adapts. The hijab is a universal symbol of Islamic identity, yet deeply personal in expression.
In Africa, hijabs are bold and colorful, matching cultural fabrics. In Turkey, the style is elegant, pinned tight beneath the chin. In Western countries like the UK, USA, and Canada, many Muslim women embrace the turban-style hijab that pairs neatly with jackets, sweaters, and modern streetwear.
Wherever she stands, Riyadh, Mumbai, Kuala Lumpur, London, or New York, the hijab carries the same meaning: modesty rooted in dignity.
Common Misconceptions About Hijab
Despite its beauty, the hijab is often misunderstood, mostly due to a lack of knowledge rather than malice. Let’s address the most frequent misconceptions.
Misconception 1: Hijab is forced on women
Reality:
Millions of Muslim women choose the hijab voluntarily. They see it as empowerment, not restriction. Many begin wearing it later in life after studying Islam deeply and understanding its spiritual benefits. Islam never encourages compulsion in matters of faith, only sincerity.
Misconception 2: Hijab equals oppression
Oppression happens when choice is taken away, not when a woman chooses modesty herself. A hijabi woman may be a doctor, CEO, teacher, pilot, entrepreneur, athlete, scientist, or politician; her hijab does not limit her capability or intelligence. In fact, many feel stronger and more independent wearing it.
Misconception 3: Hijab means a woman lacks confidence
Many would say the opposite. Hijab gives confidence by shifting focus from appearance to intellect, personality, and speech. Instead of being valued for beauty alone, a woman is valued for character.
Confidence rises when self-worth is internal, not tied to external validation.
Why Muslim Women Choose to Wear Hijab
There isn’t just one reason; there are many. Every woman has a personal story behind her hijab journey. Some wear it from childhood; others embrace it later. But the most common motivations include:
🔹Obedience & Love for Allah
Hijab is a command in Islam, and wearing it reflects devotion, gratitude, and submission to Allah’s guidance.
🔹Modesty & Inner Peace
Hijab helps protect from unnecessary attention and keeps a woman’s heart focused more on her soul than her looks.
🔹Identity with Pride
It announces faith without speaking. It says, "I am Muslim, and I stand with honor."
🔹Freedom from Beauty Standards
Society pushes women to look beautiful all the time. Hijab breaks that pressure; beauty becomes private, not public property.
🔹Empowerment & Dignity
Owning how one presents themselves to the world is powerful. Hijab gives women that control.
Hijab & Modern Styling Trends
In today's world, hijab is not only religious, but also fashion, elegance, and art.
Social media influencers, designers, models, and athletes have redefined hijab in the modern world.
Popular styling trends include:
✦ Turban-Style Hijab
Wrapped around the head with the neck sometimes exposed, trendy in Europe and America.
✦ Jersey or Stretch Hijabs
Perfect for travel, gym, and working women, breathable, non-slip, and comfortable.
✦ Layered Draped Hijab
Flowy and graceful, suitable for weddings, Eid, and formal events.
✦ Instant Hijabs
Pre-stitched, easy to wear, ideal for students and quick outings.
✦ Printed and Floral Hijabs
Vibrant fashion statement while maintaining modesty.
Hijab is now part of global modest fashion, celebrated in runway shows, brands, and international magazines. A woman can be stylish, modern, educated, and confident, all while wearing hijab.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What is the covering called that Muslim women wear?
The most common covering is called the Hijab, a headscarf covering hair, neck, and chest (face visible). Depending on preference and culture, other coverings include Niqab (face veil), Burqa (full body covering), Khimar, Shayla, Abaya, Chador, or Jilbab.
2. Why do Muslim women wear hijab or other coverings?
Muslim women wear coverings for various reasons: devotion to faith, modesty, personal identity, spiritual comfort, social respect, and to reflect inner values rather than outward appearance.
3. Is hijab mandatory in Islam for all women everywhere?
Interpretations vary. Many scholars view hijab as deeply encouraged and part of modesty guidelines. However, personal belief, cultural context, and individual choice influence whether a woman wears hijab. It remains ultimately a decision of faith and conviction.
4. Do all Muslim women wear the same style of covering?
No. Styles vary widely from simple hijab to full-body coverings like abaya or burqa. The style chosen depends on cultural background, interpretations of modesty, climate, comfort, fashion, and personal conviction.
5. Does wearing a hijab prevent a woman from being modern, educated, or successful?
Absolutely not. Many women wearing hijab are doctors, engineers, artists, businesswomen, and students, excelling in modern professions while maintaining modesty. Hijab doesn’t limit potential; it redefines beauty, dignity, and ambition.
6. What kinds of fabrics are suitable for hijab?
Lightweight, breathable fabrics are most common: cotton, chiffon, georgette, jersey, and silk blends. Many women choose scarf materials based on climate for hot weather, cotton or jersey; for formal events, silk or georgette; for everyday use, easy-care fabrics.
7. Where can I learn more about Islamic teaching on hijab?
Trusted online resources, including translations of Islamic scripture and teaching, are a good place to begin. For example, you could visit online Quran databases (like quran.com) to read translations of verses related to modesty. Personal study, community discussion, or consultation with knowledgeable scholars also helps.
External Resource
For a deeper understanding of the concept, you may read teachings and verses from the Qur’an, along with translations, at a respected online resource offering multiple translations and explanations of modesty, covering, and faith practices.
Link:
Conclusion
The covering that Muslim women wear, most widely known as the Hijab, is more than just fabric. It is a symbol of modesty, faith, dignity, identity, and inner strength. From simple headscarves to full-body garments like an abaya or burqa, every style reflects culture, conviction, and personal choice.
Hijab is not a restriction; it’s empowerment. It helps countless women express their faith, values, and identity with grace. Whether worn for spiritual, cultural, or personal reasons, the hijab remains a profound expression of inner belief and outer dignity.
In a diverse, global world where values, appearances, and beliefs intertwine, hijab stands as a bridge between faith and identity, tradition and modernity, modesty and confidence.
Thank you for reading this comprehensive guide. May it bring understanding, respect, and clarity about what the covering is called that Muslim women wear and what it truly means.
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